De Novo Persistent Post-Lung Transplantation HLA Donor-Specific Antibodies (DSA) but not Preformed DSA are Associated with Worse Survival and a Higher Risk of Developing Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction

Christophe Picard^1,2*, Agnès Basire¹, Anderson Loundou³, Matthieu Pelardy¹, Jacques Chiaroni², Pascal Thomas⁴, Carine Gomez⁵ and Martine Reynaud-Gaubert⁵

¹Immunogenetic laboratory, Établissement Français du Sang Alpes Méditerranée, 13005, Marseille, France

²UMR 7268 ADÉS Aix-Marseille Université /EFS /CNRS, Marseille, France

³Department of Public Health -EA 3279 Research Unit, University Hospital Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, France

⁴Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Transplantation Pulmonaire, CHU Nord Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, France

⁵Service de Pneumologie et Transplantation Pulmonaire, CHU Nord Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, France

*Corresponding Author : Christophe Picard
UMR 7268 ADÉS Aix-Marseille University /EFS /CNRS, France
Tel: +33 4 91 18 93 62
E-mail: christophe.picard@efs.sante.fr

Received: January 18, 2018 Accepted: Februaury 07, 2018 Published: Februaury 13, 2018

Citation: Picard C, Basire A, Loundou A, Pelardy M, Chiaroni J (2017) De Novo Persistent Post-Lung Transplantation HLA Donor-Specific Antibodies (DSA) but not Preformed DSA are Associated with Worse Survival and a Higher Risk of Developing Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction. Arch Transplant 2:1.

Background: The introduction of highly sensitive solid-phase immunoassay technology permitted better detection and characterization of donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) in pre- and post-transplant period; however their impact on clinical outcome after lung transplantation (LTx) remains controversial. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis on a cohort of 138 adult recipients who had undergone LTx at the Marseille Lung Transplant Centre (France) between 1998 and 2010 was performed. Detection at Day 0, Month 1, Month 3,Month 12 and Month 24 post- LTx of HLA antibodies (Abs) and DSA was investigated using a Luminex assay. Results: Pre-LTx DSA (n=15) were not correlated to overall survival and development of CLAD. De novo DSA were frequently detected (41% of cases), appeared earlier in the post-LTx period (80% in the first month), and were mostly directed against HLA class II antigens (78% of DSA) and against putative non classical HLA antigens such as HLA-Cw and –DQA (57% of DSA). De novo post-LTx DSA detected at M3 and/or M12 significantly affected survival (p<0.001 and p=0.03, respectively) and de novo persistent DSA from M1 to M3 (16% of cohort) were associated with CLAD (p=0.02). Cox proportional hazard regression modeling, showed a worse prognosis in recipients who have persistent de novo class II DSA (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.7, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Our results highlight that more than one-third of recipients developed de novo DSA during the first year post-LTx and that their persistence overtime seems to be associated with a worse prognosis regarding graft function and survival.