Investigate the Factors Involved in the Prognosis of Hospitalized Children Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in the Hospital PICU

Introduction: Cardiorespiratory arrest (CPA) in children is uncommon, but with poor prognosis. Identifying factors predictive of clinical outcome in children under CPR can be effective in dealing with these children. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors involved in the prognosis of hospitalized children undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study for 6 months in 2014, on the children admitted to the PICU of Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran, due to cardiorespiratory arrest, undergone CPR was performed. Children demographic and clinical factors were recorded. Clinical outcomes for children, as LTS (Long-term survivors, children who are discharged alive), STS (Short-term survivors, children who survived for more than 24 hours of the onset of cardiac arrest and have not been released yet), and NS (Nonsurvivors, children who died within 24 hours of the onset of cardiac arrest), was considered. Data were analyzed with t-test and chi-aqaure in SPSS 19. Results: Among 52 children, 28 (53.8%), 6 (11.5%) and 18 (34.6%) of the children have LTS, STS and NS outcomes, respectively. Normal pupillary reflexes (p=0.001), less consumption of adrenaline during CPR (p=0.001) and a shorter duration of CPR (p=0.0001) are predictive of survival for children under CPR. However, age (p=0.4), sex (p=0.714), type of heart rhythm (p=0.364), type of underlying disease (p=0.66), the GCS (p=0.228) and the number of medical personnel working in child CPR (p=0.287) There was no significant correlation with clinical outcome. Conclusion: Our study showed that the presence of pupillary reflexes, adrenaline less and shorter duration of CPR, the factors predictive of survival for children under the CPR. However, due to differences in the results of studies in this area, further studies in the future and with regard to more demographic, clinical and epidemiological factors is recommended.