A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON PHAGE THERAPY

Bacteriophages are a particular kind of virus that only have the ability to infect and kill the cells of prokaryotic organisms, not mammalian cells. They are abundantly found in nature and are effective against drug-resistant bacteria. The emergence of pathogenic microbes immune to the majority, if not all, currently accessible antimicrobial medicines has turned into a serious problem in contemporary healthcare due to the concomitant increase in patients who are immunosuppressed. The quest for new anti-infection techniques has been prioritized by modern medicine and biotechnology due to the grave concern that humanity is once again entering the "preantibiotics" era. Since 1919, bacteriophages have been tested to treat bacterial contaminations brought by Staphylococcus species, Pseudomonas species, Vibrio cholerae, and other bacteria, with varying degrees of success. These bacterial contaminations include diarrhoea caused by Shigella dysenteriae. This survey presents extensive information about, phage science fundamentals, early investigations of bacteriophage therapy, prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases in people, advancement and use of phage-determined lytic proteins, and phage treatment versus anti-infection treatment. In India, phage therapy is practiced in clinical trials where the effectiveness of bacteriophage treatment was marked at 92% in clinical improvements and 84% in bacteriological clearance. This survey intends to give an effective point of view on the verifiable setting of bacteriophage treatment, to feature current advances in bacteriophage exploration and developments in the field.