HIV-1 is an important pathogen and causes the majority of HIV infections globally. Present anti HIV drugs have many disadvantages including resistance, toxicity, limited availability and lake of any curative effect. Currently, many researchers have been performed worldwide to isolate the active novel compounds from plants for preventing transmission of HIV and treatment of patients. A diversity of secondary metabolites obtained from these products including alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, sulphated polysaccharides, coumarines and triterpenes. These compounds inhibit unique enzymes and proteins critical to the life cycle of HIV, including the reverse transcription process, virus entry, the integrase or protease. Screening anti-HIV agents from natural products may be a more effective way for drug discovery. O. basilicum (family Lamiaceae) is an annual plant native to Asia.