About Soil Genesis

Soil is the upper layer of the earths crust. The major constituents of soil are mineral material, organic material, water and air. In Greek terminology, soil means earth and genesis means origin. The definition of soil genesis is the formation of soil. Major factors that involve in the soil formation are parental material, climate, soil organisms, time and topography of the soil. The diversity of soils is due to the difference in the soil-forming processes. Ecosystem, environmental and climatic changes occurred and the arrays of physical, chemical and biological reactions influence the soil formation.