Current approach to pain management

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Bimal Roy Krishna
 

Touro University, Nevada

: J Pharm Drug Deliv Res

Abstract

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Pain Management an integral part of therapeutics and clinical medicine has evolved immensely over the years to provide adequate support and control of pain. Significant adverse physiological and psychological effects manifest due to inadequate pain control. The physiology and pathology of pain whether peripheral or central involves nociception and transmission from the injured tissue-skin, muscle or viscera. Pain associated with trauma and terminal diseases requires aggressive control beyond the inhibition of the inflammatory mediators such as the prostaglandins. Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs have been the mainstay of treatment. However, failure of NSAID’s to treat pain or more chronic conditions require a Step one Up approach which would then introduce the opioids which address central mechanisms and are also used to treat severe pain particularly those associated with terminal illness and myocardial infarcts. The mechanisms of action, of opioids are similar however they differ in pharmacokinetic parameters. This presentation addresses the current approach to pain management.

Biography

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Bimal Roy Krishna is currently working as Professor and Director of Pharmacology at the College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University in Nevada. He obtained a Bachelor of Science (First Class Honors) in Pharmacology and Physiology and a Doctor of Philosophy, Medicine (OB/GYN/Pharmacology) from Monash University in Australia. He also teaches for the Step one USMLE and COMLEX reviews for Kaplan Medical throughout the United States and in UAE, Europe, Saudi Arabia, India, Mexico and the Caribbean. He has been teaching online for Kaplan University for over 7 years. He has contributed to numerous publications and is a member of a number of organizations including Fellow-American College of Clinical Pharmacology. His research background is in maternal and neonatal pharmacology specifically looking at materno-fetal transfer utilizing the perfused human placental and cultured syncytiotrophoblast model. Complementary and Alternative medicine is another area of interest.