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Hindi Editorial, J Clin Exp Oncol Vol: 10 Issue: 8
Vehicle T cell Treatment Utilizes T Cells Designed with Cars for Malignant Growth Treatment
Finn Peterson*
Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi Medical School, Nairobi, Kenya
*Corresponding author: Finn P, Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi Medical School, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel: 254 233799786; E-mail: finn.peterson@med.kn
Received date: August 05, 2021; Accepted date: August 20, 2021; Published date: August 27, 2021
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CART) cell therapy represents a novel, potent and potentially curative therapy in hematological malignancies. CD19 directed CARTs have resulted in impressive complete response rates of 90% in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and many of these remissions are durable without any further therapies. Impressive response rates were also reported in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CD19 represents a unique target for CART cells; it’s expressed universally on leukemic cells, has limited off tumor expression and B cell aplasia is well tolerated. A vertical advance in the field of CART cell immunotherapy is to extend its application to non B-cell malignancies as well as to solid tumors. BCMA directed CART cells have been used in refractory multiple myeloma with very encouraging results. CD33 and CD123 directed CARTs have shown potent activity in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia and are being investigated in early phase clinical trials. Their expression on normal hematopoiesis warrants the use of follow up rescue transplantation. Furthermore, transient approaches and introduction of suicide mechanisms are needed, several of which are being investigated. Finally, different immunotherapeutic combinations are being developed and optimized and it is an exciting approach to enhance the therapeutic index of CART cell therapy.
Introduction
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CART) cell therapy represents a novel, potent and potentially curative therapy in hematological malignancies. CD19 directed CARTs have resulted in impressive complete response rates of 90% in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and many of these remissions are durable without any further therapies. Impressive response rates were also reported in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CD19 represents a unique target for CART cells; it’s expressed universally on leukemic cells, has limited off tumor expression and B cell aplasia is well tolerated. A vertical advance in the field of CART cell immunotherapy is to extend its application to non B-cell malignancies as well as to solid tumors. BCMA directed CART cells have been used in refractory multiple myeloma with very encouraging results. CD33 and CD123 directed CARTs have shown potent activity in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia and are being investigated in early phase clinical trials. Their expression on normal hematopoiesis warrants the use of follow up rescue transplantation. Furthermore, transient approaches and introduction of suicide mechanisms are needed, several of which are being investigated.
