Leaf Variegation Alters in Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic CompoundsConcentration of Indian Borage (Plectranthus amboinicus)

Jean Carlos Vencioneck Dutra^1*, Paula Roberta Costalonga Pereira¹, Polianna da Silva Ferreira², Juliana Macedo Delarmelina³, Claudia Masrouah Jamal⁴ and Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci¹

¹Laboratório de Genética Vegetal e Toxicológica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil

²Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo – Campus Vila Velha, 29106-010, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil

³Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo – Campus São Mateus, 29932-540, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil

⁴Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil

*Corresponding Author : Jean Carlos Vencioneck Dutra
Laboratório de Genética
Vegetal e Toxicológica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade
Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, E-mail:
jeanvencioneck@gmail.com

Received: March 06, 2019 Accepted: March 15, 2019 Published: March 22, 2019

Citation: Dutra JCV, Pereira PRC, Ferreira PS, Delarmelina JM, Jamal CM, et al. (2019) Leaf Variegation Alters in Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds Concentration of Indian Borage (Plectranthus amboinicus). J Plant Physiol Pathol 7:1. doi: 10.4172/2329-955X.1000194

Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage) is used in folk medicine and culinary and presented a variegated version. This work aimed to evaluate the influence leaf variegation on chemical composition and biological activities of P. amboinicus and P. amboinicus “Variegata”. Hydroalcoholic extracts of herbs were evaluated for their preliminary phytochemistry; total flavonoid and rosmarinic acid content by spectrophotometry and HPLC methods, respectively; antioxidant activity on DPPH, ABTS, Fe2+ chelation ions and β-carotene/linoleic acid assays; and antiproliferative effects in saroma 180 cells by MTT assay. Preliminary phytochemistry showed that both plants present flavonoids, flavone and coumarins. P. amboinicus “Variegata” extract presented higher levels of flavonoid and rosmarinic acid and higher antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS assays, as well as P. amboinicus extract showed better antioxidant activity in the Fe2+ chelating activity and inhibition of β-carotene oxidation. Both extracts induced pronounced anticancer effects on sarcoma 180. We hypothesize that variegation promotes modulations in secondary metabolism, which leads to the increase of total flavonoids and rosmarin acid biosynthesis, interfering in the biological activities exhibited for P. amboinicus extracts.