Short Communication,  Int J Ment Health Psychiatry Vol: 7 Issue: 5

A Short Review on Mental Disorder

Lifeng Zhang*

Department of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangdong Province, China

*Corresponding author: Zhang L, Department of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangdong Province, China. E-mail: zhlfeng@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Received Date: October 03, 2021; Accepted Date: October 16, 2021; Published Date: October 23, 2021.

Citation: Lifeng Zhang (2021) A Short Review on Mental Disorder. Int J Ment Health Psychiatry 7:5.

 

Abstract

Keywords: Mental Disorder

Introduction

Mental illness, also known as mental illness, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant stress or disability in an individual's functioning. Such traits can appear as permanent, recurrent, remission, or a single episode. Many disorders have been reported, and the signs and symptoms vary widely between specific disorders. Such disorders can be diagnosed by a psychiatrist, usually a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist.

The causes of mental disorders are often unclear. Theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields. Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks. This may be associated with particular regions or functions of the brain, often in a social context. A mental disorder is one aspect of mental health. Cultural and religious beliefs, as well as social norms, should be taken into account when making a diagnosis. Services are based in psychiatric hospitals or in the community, and assessments are carried out by mental health professionals such as psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses and clinical social workers, using various methods such as psychometric tests but often relying on observation and questioning. Treatments are provided by various mental health professionals. Psychotherapy and psychiatric medication are two major treatment options. Other treatments include lifestyle changes, social interventions, peer support, and self-help. In a minority of cases, there might be involuntary detention or treatment.

Prevention programs have been shown to reduce depression. In 2019, common mental disorders around the globe include depression, which affects about 264 million, bipolar disorder, which affects about 45 million, dementia, which affects about 50 million, and schizophrenia and other psychoses, which affects about 20 million people. Neurodevelopmental disorders include intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders which usually arise in infancy or childhood. Stigma and discrimination can add to the suffering and disability associated with mental disorders, leading to various social movements attempting to increase understanding and challenge social exclusion. The definition and classification of mental disorders are key issues for researchers as well as service providers and those who may be diagnosed. For a mental state to classify as a disorder, it generally needs to cause dysfunction. Most international clinical documents use the term mental "disorder", while "illness" is also common. It has been noted that using the term "mental" (i.e., of the mind) is not necessarily meant to imply separateness from the brain or body. According to DSM-IV, a mental disorder is a psychological syndrome or pattern which is associated with distress (e.g. via a painful symptom), disability (impairment in one or more important areas of functioning), increased risk of death, or causes a significant loss of autonomy; however it excludes normal responses such as grief from loss of a loved one and also excludes deviant behavior for political, religious, or societal reasons not arising from a dysfunction in the individual.