Neurotology is a sub-specialty of otolaryngology (ENT) and is closely related to otology. It deals with neurological disorders that affect the ears and other structures of the head. Neurotologists are physicians who have specialized in otolaryngology and then further specialized in neurological conditions of the ear, related structures, and lateral skull base surgery. Neurotologists are otolaryngologists, commonly referred to as “ear, nose and throat doctors,” that specialize in the effects of the brain and nervous system on the ears, face, and throat. Conditions treated by the specialty include hearing loss, balance issues, and facial paralysis.