The Inter-Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Four Case Reports

Diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease the same way periodontal disease is a risk factor for the progression of diabetes. These two diseases are correlated; periodontal disease can be favored by bacterial infection caused by an alteration of the immune system because of diabetes mellitus as well as chronic inflammation caused by periodontal disease leads to poor glycemic control in these patients. A review of the literature on the relationship between these two diseases is carried out. The case reported here illustrates the problem. To improve periodontal disease, it has been proven that the care of patients that includes a correct brushing technique and being aware of the condition of their oral health is effective. However, it is necessary to educate and guide patients with diabetes on the self-care of periodontal disease.