The Graphene MachZehnder Modulator Based on Sandwiched Structure

A Graphene Mach-Zehnder modulator based on sandwiched structure is proposed where bi-layer graphene is inserted inside the silicon waveguide to enhance the modulation ability. The calculated results show that the modulator exhibits an excellent performance in terms of small footprint and high extinction ratio. Besides, the modulation ability of the waveguide remains stable under the variations of the temperature and the wavelength of the incident light.