Review on polycystic ovary syndrome, clinical manifestations, diagnostic

Polycystic ovarian syndrome emerges as the most conspicuous endocrinopathy affecting 2.2-20% of women belonging to re- productive age group. Diagnosis of PCOS is established when 2/3 of the Rotterdam’s criteria is met i.e., hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovaries. (12 or more fol- licles of size 2-9 mm in each ovary and/or ovarian volume >10 ml). According to guidelines from endocrine society, early rec- ognition of PCOD facilitate healthcare providers to prevent and treat adequately wide range of metabolic complications i.e., impaired glucose tolerance, type-II diabetes mellitus, meta- bolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, obstructive sleep ap- nea and cardiovascular diseases. Diagnostic workup and man- agement of PCOS is based on correction of metabolic derange- ments, psychosocial problems, control of menstrual cycle and prevention of endometrial hyperplasia, assessment of ovula- tion/fertility and reduction of dermatological manifestations. Patient’s desire for induction of ovulation and pregnancy plays a pivotal role in management of PCOS. This study emphasizes on potentially risk factors and impacts of PCOS on multiple systems along with various treatment modalities (pharmaceu- tical therapy, hormonal contraceptives and lifestyle modifica- tion) available to nullify them. Self-care and multidisciplinary approach to reduce the morbidity due to PCOS.