Properties Analysis of Lossy Left-Handed (LH) Transmission Lines

In this paper, we analyze the effects of losses in a Purely LeftHanded (PLH) transmission line. The circuit analysis shows that the presence of resistors in PLH TL affects the attenuation constant. However, the phase constant is not affected by the major losses. In the low frequency setting, the effects of losses can be neglected in the lossy LH TL circuit model. This reflects the results obtained in microwave structures in the case of low frequencies or the ohmic and dielectric losses are relatively low.