Phytochemical Analysis of Solanum virginianum and its Effect on Human Pathogenic Microbes with Special Emphasis on Salmonella typhi

Phytochemical Analysis of Solanum virginianum and its Effect on Human Pathogenic Microbes with Special Emphasis on Salmonella typhi

Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medicine. Solanum virginianum is used for treating in cough and fever in India, especially Manipur. The objective of the present study was to scientifically evaluate typhoid potential of Solanum virginianum. Phytochemicals present in leaves, stem, roots and fruit of Solanum virginianum was studied in the current study by biochemical tests. It was found that various phytochemical were present in high proportion alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, tannin, proteins and amino acids.

The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method. It was found that the aqueous extract of S. virginianum inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens. The most susceptible Gram-negative bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi leaf (2.5 cm), stem (2 cm), root (1.5 cm), fruit (1.4 cm), and Escherichia coli leaf (2.2 cm), stem (3.3 cm) root (1.2 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).Solanum virginianum inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus stem (2.6 cm), Klebsiella pneumonia leaf (1 cm), stem (1 cm), root (1 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).This study findings can be useful in considering the studied plant for preparing drugs in near future and also justifies the age old practice of ayurvedic treatment. However, large scale advanced studies followed by animal study needs to be carried out before large scale commercial application of the plant.