Liver Insulin-Positive Cells in Experimental Diabetes

The global diabetes epidemic over the past few decades has been one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The search for alternative sources of insulin producing cells in the body may be one of the possible promising approaches to the treatment of diabetes and its complications. The aim of this work was to study changes in the number and localization of insulin+ and Pdx1+ liver cells on the 30th and 60th days at rats with experimental diabetes type 1 and type 2. Experiment was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of European Parliament and of the Council (Directive 2010/63/EU). 35 male Wistar rats weighting 332.6 ± 12.15 g were used. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) was modeled by IP injections of alloxan (170 mg/kg), Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) IP injections of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (65 mg/ kg). Animals were divided into 5 groups:1:intact, 2:experimental T1D 30 days, 3:experimental T1D 60 days, 4:experimental T2D 30 days, 5:experimental T2D 60 days. Biochemical, immunohistochemical and statistics analyses were performed. Increase of the number of insulin ± cells were detected in diabetic rats vs.intact. The number of insulin+ and Pdx1 ± cells depends on the type of diabetes. The largest number of insulin ± cells, located in all areas of the hepatic lobule, is observed in rats with T2D. Animals with T1D have less insulin ± cells. On the 30th day of diabetes they are localized mainly in the peripheral zone, while on the 60th day of diabetes they are observed in all areas of the hepatic lobule. Rats with T1D have significantly higher number of Pdx1 ± cells, then rats with T2D.