High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol Level among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome, Admitted to Coronary Unit in Kuwait University Hospital 2015-2017

Background: Total and Low-density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration is associated with coronary artery disease. However High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) has not always been evaluated.
Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and related factors of low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) levels among patients with acute coronary syndrome presented to Kuwait University Hospital.
Method: Data was collected retrospectively from 130 patients admitted with a diagnosis of ACS during study period. A low HDL-C was defined as level <40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) for males and <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) for female and satisfactory HDL is defined as a level >40 mg/dL & >50 mg/dL for females. All possible predictors of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol such as (renal impairment, triglycerides, Body Mass Index (BMI), gender, total cholesterol, and heart failure) were analyzed.
Results: The total cases enrolled in this study were 130. The mean age of the study patients was 59.5+/-12 and majority were males (73.8%). The overall prevalence of low HDL-C among patients was 97(74.6%) and satisfactory HDL-C was in 33 (25.4%). Triglycerides, was positive predictor of low HDL-C, while history of Ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, male gender, and other factors have no role in predictors of low HDL-C. Moreover, Low HDL-C was associated with higher hospital mortality than satisfactory HDL-C patients (13.4%) vs. (3%) (p value=0.0462).
Conclusion: HDL-C is low in majority of admitted patients with ACS and it was associated with high mortality than satisfactory group, Low HDL-C is strongly  associated with high triglyceride level.