Fractal Analysis in Medical Images

The fractal analysis of medical images is an investigation field in those that numerous results of important value have been obtained. This work describes the basic foundations of the fractal analysis and its application has more than enough medical images, leaning on in five scientific investigations. Fractal analysis has emerged as a valuable tool in the interpretation of medical images, allowing for the quantitative characterization of complex structures that cannot be effectively described using traditional Euclidean geometry. This study explores the foundational concepts of fractal geometry and its application to medical images, specifically using the Fractal Dimension (FD) to assess structural irregularities in biological systems such as tumors. By employing the box-counting method to calculate the FD, this work demonstrates its utility in the diagnosis and progression monitoring of various cancers, including lung cancer and melanoma. The fractal properties of medical images offer insights into tumor heterogeneity and potential correlations with treatment response. This approach can enhance diagnostic accuracy and contribute to personalized treatment planning in oncology. Additionally, the use of fractal analysis for analyzing vascular systems, retinas, and mammograms is discussed, highlighting its broad applicability in medical diagnostics.