Environmental Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on the Surface Water Resource and Evaluated For Drinking and Domestic Uses around the River Nile, Assiut Governorate: Upper Egypt

The main aim of the present study is to study the Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on the Surface Water Resource in Assiut Governorate, and detecting the source and contamination level and evaluating for different purposes. To achieve this goal, collect 30 surface water samples from surface water resources (main irrigation, drainage canals and River Nile) in Assiut Governorate during autumn season 2013. Chemical analysis cared out at Geology Department - Faculty of Science - Minia University and Environmental Affairs Agency. The resulted data revealed that the worst samples are the samples No. 6, 10, 14, 15, 18, 20, 29 and 30 especially simple No. 18. Ni and As showing relatively high values in the most of the surface water samples in study area. Most surface water resources receive large amounts of wastewater, presence of pollution especially organic pollution. Also, it refers to high concentrations of some heavy metals. The source of these pollutants is wastewater from sewage, industrial and agricultures activates. Most surface water samples are unsuitable for human drinking without treatment because it's higher content of trace elements (Fe, Mn, NH4, B, Cd, Ni, and Pb) According to permissible limits for drinking water quality. Only 10% of surface water samples are suitable for laundry purposes (range of moderate hardness) and the rest are hard or very hard. All surface water samples are suitable (Excellent) for livestock and poultry. The recommends of this study are the management of pollution sources, application of Agrochemicals and controlling the seepage of wastewater from rural, protecting the area around the outlet of drinking water treatment plants. Continuous monitoring of water resources using for different purposes.