Effect of Morphology on the In Vitro Bioactivity and Biocompatibility of Spray Pyrolyzed Bioactive Glass

Bioactive Glass (BG) is one of the most remarkable materials in the field of biomedical applications because of its fundamental properties such as bioactivity, biodegradability and biocompatibility, which are mainly used for the applications of bone implants, dermal fillers and drug releasing carriers. Here in this study, simple and continuous methods were employed to produce Hollow Spherical Bioactive Glasses (HSBGs) microspheres. Using a spray pyrolysis method, solid and hollow spherical particles were successfully synthesized and the particle formation mechanism was also discussed in detail. Surface morphologies and inner structures of all Bioactive Glass (BG) powders were examined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. In addition, in vitro bioactivity was examined by SEM after soaking in Stimulated Body Fluid (SBF). The cell viability of both BG specimens was evaluated at various extraction concentrations using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte trazolium bromide (MTT assay). The in vitro bioactivity of BG powders was determined by evaluating their apatite forming ability in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). Based on the Ca/P ratio HSBGs possessed higher hydroxyapatiten forming capacity than SBGs. In addition, the cell viability of both specimens showed that at all extraction concentrations, they pass the standard biocompatibility levels. Therefore, the HSBGs have better biocompatibility and in vitro bioactivity; hence they are promising for future tissue engineering development.