Attenuation of Cisplatin Induced Toxicity by Melatonin, Loaded on a Dextran Modified Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study

 Attenuation of Cisplatin Induced Toxicity by Melatonin, Loaded on a Dextran Modified Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study

Conjugation drug therapy of melatonin has emerged as a promising modality for reducing cisplatin (cis-diammine di chloro platinum (II) or cis-DDP or CDDP) induced toxicity. The objective of the present study is to determine the attenuation of cisplatin induced toxicity by Melatonin loaded on a Dextran modified Iron Oxide nanoparticles (DIO-M). The DIO-M was developed, characterized and analyzed. Loading of melatonin was confirmed by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Particle size analysis was carried out using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microcope (TEM) techniques. Phase purity of crystals was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and the magnetic property of particle material was characterized by Vibrational sample magnetometry (VSM). Cytotoxicity studies using by MTT assay in L929 cell lines confirmed the melatonin nanoparticles to be nontoxic. The protective effect of DIO-M against cisplatin induced toxicity was confirmed by antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Free radical mediated cell damage was quantitatively determined by the measurement of malondialdehyde level. It was found that the inhibitory effect of malondialdehyde levels by DIO-M could be attributed to the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (p<0.005). Splenocyte proliferation demonstrated that DIO-M has the ability to influence the spleen cells. Splenocytes when treated with cisplantin and DIO-M was able to overcome the antiproliferative property of cisplatin. Hence, these findings contribute with important insight that DIO-M can be useful for management of toxicity induced by anti-cancer drug cisplatin.