An Insight into Floral and Faunal Diversity of Mangroves

Mangroves are woody halophytic plants that are essential tropical and subtropical coastal regions within 30° of the equator, supporting supports global biodiversity as well as fishery activities that are a source of income for traditional and marginalized groups [1, 2]. Approximately two-thirds communities of the world’s fishing depend on mangroves. They are surrounded by an environment of high salinity, extreme tides, strong winds, high temperature, and muddy anaerobic soils. Its vegetation covers roughly 170,000 square kilometers of the earth's surface usually on soft sediments such as in the deltas of large rivers and estuaries and on the leeward side of barrier islands.