Advancement in Gene Therapy and Genome Editing

Genome editing, or genome modification, or gene editing, is a method of genetic engineering in which the genome of a living organism adds, deletes, modifies or replaces DNA. Unlike early genetic engineering techniques that randomly insert genetic material into a host genome, the insertions to particular locations are targeted through genome editing. Gene therapy (also known as human gene transfer) is a medical area that focuses on the use of nucleic acid therapeutic delivery into the cells of a patient as a drug to treat disease. Martin Cline made the first attempt to alter human DNA in 1980, but the first successful transfer of nuclear genes to humans was carried out in May 1989.