Acute interstitial nephritis after treatment with pembrolizumab in a patient with triple negative breast cancer: a case report

Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the anti-Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD-1) receptor expressed on the surface of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Currently the introduction of immunotherapy in a neoadjuvant setting has improved the management of these types of tumors with the arrival of the keynote 522 study. We present here the case of a patient with breast cancer treated with Pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in the setting of neoadjuvant treatment complicated with nephritis acute interstitial related to anti-PD-1. Permanent discontinuation of Pembrolizumab, treatment with corticosteroids intravenous and the use of dialysis have gradually normalized the function patient's kidney. Nephritis is one of the rare side effects that can occur when the use of immunotherapy. Through this case report we will discuss the clinicbiological and histopathological characteristic of Pembrolizumab related nephropathy